In 1998 he joined the Czech National Bank, first as an economic analyst and later as a principal economic analyst in the Monetary Department. In 2006–2012 he was senior economist in the international economic research team at the ING financial group, where he specialised in macroeconomic analysis and financial market strategy. In 2013–2014 he was in charge of stock market analysis and strategy as chief economist at BH Securities. In April 2014 he became an adviser to Bank Board member Jiří Rusnok.
Vojtěch Benda became a member of the Bank Board of the Czech National Bank on 1 July 2016.